Computer Network
A group of computer and other device connected to gather is called network . and the concept of connected computer sharing resources is called networking .Computer connected over fa network can make that information exchange easier and faster .The information moves directly from computer to compiler.
Types of Network
Network divided into three types:-
- LAN (Local Area Network)
- MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
- WAN (Wide Area Network)
Local Area Network
A local-area network is a computer network covering a small geographic area, like a home, office, or group of buildings e.g. a school. The defining characteristics of LANs, in contrast to wide-area networks (WANs), include their much higher data-transfer rates, smaller geographic range.
A Local Area Network is an interconnection of computer system through one type of transmission media and is entirely contented in a building it is relatively a small network typically personal to an organisation the maximum limit of this network is 1 km .
Metropolitan Area Network
- Metropolitan area networks, or MANs, are large computer networks usually spanning a city.
- Metropolitan area networks can span up to 50km, devices used are modem and wire/cable
- They typically use Optical fibre connections to link their sites.
- A MAN is optimized for a larger geographical area than a LAN.
Metropolitans Area Network are the network spread over a city and it cover an area of 100 km it links computer facilities in city through same and different transmission media .
Wide Area Network
Wide Area Network (WAN) is a computer network that covers a broad area (i.e., any network whose communications links cross metropolitan, regional, or national boundaries.
A Wide Area Network is a group of computer connected in a Wide spread Are it many interconnected LANs spread sheet in large distance it provides nation wide connectivity.
Advantage of networking
1. Resources networking – The users can share all programs data and peripheral which are available to any one an interconnected computer.
2. Reliability – A file can have copies one two or more different machine .
3. Cost Factor – the networking have better performance and prize other than computer.
Disadvantage of Network
1. Data security – As all the data resources are all pooled to gather it is possible for unauthorized personal to access classified information if network security is weak poorly implemented.
2. Privacy – a network may also been loss of privacy as any one specially your boos with the wright net privileges may be in position to read your private email.
Distributed system: -
A distributed system comprises of independent sub system that are connected through various communications lines.
These system can be divided into two types.
(1) Centralized distribution system
(2) De centralized distribution system.
1. Centralized distribution system: - In this type of system there are a central computer called as the server that controls the network and provide central storage space for information in addition server also takes the responsibility of assigning and resources to various computer connected to it. These other computers are generally called clients or workstation.
2. De centralized distribution system: - In this types of system two or more computer are directly connected to each other and share resources. That is no central control over the network, one advantage of this kind of system over centralized distribution system is that it is non dependent on any one central system. If the server in centralized distributed system fails the entire network fails.
Network of computer: -
A network is an inter connection of two or more computers in order to unable transfer of data or information from one place to another place by making use of network could even share certain resources like printer hard disk modem etc.
The network classified into two types: -
(1) Homogenous
(2) Heterogeneous
Homogenous network: - In this network computer with singular architecture or connected together example of this types is LAN. Such network may be confined a building or campus where in different department needed to communicate with each other. These could be connected using point to point cables.
Heterogeneous: - To the name suggested this computer have different architecture at different set of rules to communicate among each other. An ex. Of this type is WAN which a network of worldwide is. These could be connected via cables, telephone line or even satellites.
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