The device in which we can saving data and information is called Storage device. Ex.:- HDD, RAM, ROM, Floppy Disk, CDROM Drive, Memory.
Memory
Memory is an essential component of digital computer. It function is to store information. It stores data, program, features or any other kind of information.
STORAGE DEVICE
RAM: - This is a Random Access Memory and also known as internal or main memory. It is a read and writer memory of computer. The user can writes information into RAM and read information from it. RAM is volatile (erasable) memory. That means the information is stored in it is erased as soon as power is turn off.
ROM: - This is non volatile memory. Its contains are retained it the power supply goes of. It is also called read only memory. ROM is used for permanent storage of information. The stored information can only be read from ROM at the time of operations.
PROM: - This is programmable read only memory user can program it according to their needs. The disk advantage of PROM is that is can be program only one’s thus user can not change it contains after edit program once.
EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory): - An EPROM is Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory. User can program its contents more than once. EPROM is used to store permanent data that may need up date in after sometimes. The contents of EPROM can be erased by the exposure to high intensity.
EEPROM: - This is a Electrically Erasable programmable Read Only Memory. It can be both program and erased with electrical stimuli. The complete data dang e erased in one operation if desired. EEPROM requires 21 volt pulsed for writing or erasing and 5 volt for read operation.
Cache memory: - the cache memory placed in between the main memory and C.P.U. it is much faster than main memory. The access time of a cache memory is 15-25 neno seconds where as that of the main memory in 80 neno seconds. The cache memory is not accessible to users. The capacity cache memory in such less as compare to the main memory.
Magnetic tape: - Magnetic tape is secondary storage data at the low cast. Data recorded on the tape dang e erased and new data can be stored in its place. Magnetic tape are non volatile in nature and data is store permanently. A magnetic tape is a thin plastic tape coated with a magnetic material. Normally they are 0.5 inches wide take. A magnetic tape is divided into oriental cross called channels or tracks and vertical column called frames.
Floppy disk: - A floppy disk is a removable round piece of Mylar plastic that store data and programs as magnetic spots. Data is stored as electromagnetic charge on a metal oxide will that coats the Mylar plastic track and sector are logically created areas on the disk and the process of forming tracks and sector on the disk is known formatting are establishing.
Types of floppy: - 1st 5.25 inches and 2nd 3.5 inches.
(1) 5.25 inches: - it was the common size of floppies for PCs made before 1987. a 5.25 inches disk it covered in a protective cover of thin vinyl. This type of floppy is normally capable of storing between 100kb and 1.2mb data.
(2) 3.5 inches: - A 3.5” disk is also known as micro copy and its protective cover are hard plastic. There storing capacity ranges from 400kb to 1.44mb of data. The most common size for PCs is 720kb and 1.44mb. a floppy disk may be single sided or double sided.
Hard disk: - Hard disk is thin but raged metal platters covered with a substance that allows data to be head in the form of magnetized spots.
Hard disk is one or more plotters sealed together within and enclosed. Hard disk drive located inside of the cabinet. Data may be recorded on both sides of the disk plotters.
“The hard disk is around; metal platters in the hard derive of the computer. It stores large amount of information.” The hard disk has a magnetic coating it is sealed into the hard drive and often installed inside the computer where you can’t see it.
Hard disk capacity is measured in bytes and speed is measured by transfer rate in the bytes/seconds.
STORAGE MEASURMENT
(1) Bit: - “0 and 1” no. is called bit.
(2) Byte: - A combination of 8 bits is known as bytes.
(3) Kilo byte: - A KB is abbreviated as k or KB and is equivalent to 1024 bytes.
(4) Mega byte: - A mega byte is abbreviated as M or MB and is equivalent t 1024 KB.
(5) Giga byte: - A giga byte is abbreviated as G or GB and is equivalent to 1024 MB.
(6) Tera byte: - A tera byte is abbreviated as T or TB is represent the capacity of 1024 GB (100, 9,511,627,776 byte).
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