KVM: KVM stands for Kernel-based Virtual Machine, which is a Linux-based open-source virtualization technology. It enables the Linux kernel to function as a hypervisor and provide a virtualized environment for running multiple virtual machines (VMs) on a single physical server. KVM supports both full virtualization and para-virtualization, and it provides a high level of performance and scalability.
CPU Virtualization: CPU virtualization is a technology that allows multiple virtual machines to share a single physical CPU. It enables each virtual machine to run its own operating system and applications as if it had a dedicated CPU. CPU virtualization is accomplished through software-based techniques, such as full virtualization and para-virtualization, or through hardware-assisted virtualization, such as Intel VT-x and AMD-V.
Memory Virtualization: Memory virtualization is a technology that enables multiple virtual machines to share a single physical memory pool. It allows each virtual machine to have its own isolated memory space, which is protected from other virtual machines running on the same physical server. Memory virtualization is typically achieved through software-based techniques, such as memory overcommitment and memory ballooning.
I/O Virtualization: I/O virtualization is a technology that enables multiple virtual machines to share a single physical I/O resource, such as a network interface card (NIC) or a storage device. It allows each virtual machine to have its own isolated I/O path, which is protected from other virtual machines running on the same physical server. I/O virtualization is typically achieved through hardware-assisted techniques, such as Single Root I/O Virtualization (SR-IOV) or through software-based techniques, such as Virtual I/O (VIO).
