Python3: Datatypes | Escape Characters

Datatype	Description	Is Immutable	Example
Int	We can use to represent the whole/integral numbers	Immutable	>>> a=10  >>> type(a)  <class 'int' >
Float	We can use to represent the decimal/floating point numbers	Immutable	>>> b=10.5  >>> type(b)  <class 'float'>
Complex	We can use to represent the complex numbers	Immutable	>>> c=10+5j  >>> type(c)  <class 'complex'>  >>> c.real  10.0  >>> c.imag  5.0
Bool	We can use to represent the logical values(Only allowed values are True and False)	Immutable	>>> flag=True  >>> flag=False  >>> type(flag)  <class 'bool'>
Str	To represent sequence of Characters	Immutable	>>> s='durga'  >>> type(s)  <class 'str'> >>> s="durga"  >>> s='''Durga Software Solutions ... Ameerpet''' >>> type(s)  <class ''str'>
bytes	To represent a sequence of byte values from 0-255	Immutable	>>> list=[1,2,3,4]  >>> b=bytes(list)  >>> type(b)  <class 'bytes'>
bytearray	To represent a sequence of byte values from 0-255	Mutable	>>> list=[10,20,30]  >>> ba=bytearray(list)  >>> type(ba)  <class 'bytearray'>
range	To represent a range of values	Immutable	>>> r=range(10)  >>> r1=range(0,10)  >>> r2=range(0,10,2)
list	To represent an ordered collection of objects	Mutable	>>> l=[10,11,12,13,14,15]  >>> type(l)  <class 'list'>
tuple	To represent an ordered collections of objects	Immutable	>>> t=(1,2,3,4,5)  >>> type(t)  <class 'tuple'>
set	To represent an unordered collection of unique objects	Mutable	>>> s={1,2,3,4,5,6}  >>> type(s)  <class 'set'>
frozenset	To represent an unordered collection of unique objects	Immutable	>>> s={11,2,3,'Durga',100,'Ramu'} >>> fs=frozenset(s)  >>> type(fs)  <class 'frozenset'>
dict	To represent a group of key value pairs	Mutable	>>> d={101:'durga',102:'ramu',103:'hari'} >>> type(d)  <class 'dict'>

None Data Type: 

None means Nothing or No value associated. 

If the value is not available, then to handle such type of cases None introduced. 

It is something like null value in Java. 

Eg: 

def m1(): 
a=10 

print(m1()) 
None 

Escape Characters:

In String literals we can use esacpe characters to associate a special meaning.

1) >>> s="durga\nsoftware" 
2) >>> print(s) 
3) durga 
4) software 
5) >>> s="durga\tsoftware" 
6) >>> print(s) 
7) durga software 
8) >>> s="This is " symbol" 
9) File "<stdin>", line 1 
10) s="This is " symbol" 
11) ^ 
12) SyntaxError: invalid syntax 
13) >>> s="This is \" symbol" 
14) >>> print(s) 
15) This is " symbol 

The following are various important escape characters in Python

1) \n==>New Line
2) \t===>Horizontal tab
3) \r ==>Carriage Return
4) \b===>Back space
5) \f===>Form Feed
6) \v==>Vertical tab
7) \'===>Single quote
8) \"===>Double quote
9) \\===>back slash symbol

Constants:

Constants concept is not applicable in Python.

But it is convention to use only uppercase characters if we don’t want to change value.

MAX_VALUE=10

It is just convention but we can change the value.

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