First
Generation
- Basic component – Vacuum Tubes 1940-1956
- Processing Speed – Slow & Unreliable Machine
- Heat Generation – Huge amount of Heat generated
- Size – Bulky & Non – Portable Machine
- Instructions – Only Machine Language was used
- User Friendly – Very Difficult to operate
- Cost – Production & Maintenance costs was very High
- Example – IBM-650, ENIAC , UNIVAC
- ENIAC = (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator
- UNIVAC = (Universal Automatic Computer
Second
Generation
- Basic component – Transistors & Diodes 1955 to 1964
- Processing Speed – More reliable than 1st Generation
- Heat Generation – Less amount of Heat generated
- Size – Reduced size but still Bulky
- Instructions – High level Language was used ( Like COBOL , FORTAN)
- User Friendly – Easy to operate from 1st one
- Cost – Production & Maintenance costs was < 1st Generation
- Example – IBM 7090, NCR 304, IBM-1401 , Honey well – 200
Third
Generation
- Basic component –Integrated Circuits 1964-1975
- Processing Speed – More reliable than 1st & 2nd Machine
- Heat Generation – Lesser amount of Heat generated
- Size – Smaller than older computer
- Instructions – Expensive use of High level Language
- User Friendly – General purpose Machine used in commercial Application
- Cost – Production & Maintenance costs was Cheaper than older one
- Example – IBM 360, CDC 7600, CDC-1700 , ICL-2903, ICL-1900
Fourth
Generation
- Basic component –: VLSI (Very Large Scale Integrated Circuits) Microprocessors(Mirco chips) 1971-1989
- 8842 thousands of integrated circuits were built onto a single silicon chip.
- Processing Speed – Most reliable than older computer
- Heat Generation – Virtually no Heat generated
- Size – Smallest in size making them easily portable
- Instructions –Very sophisticated programs & Languages use
- User Friendly –Easiest to operate
- Cost – Production & Maintenance costs was Cheapest than older one
- Example – IBM 3090, VAX, Intel 4004 , apple I II IBM
Fifth
Generation
- Technology :- ULSI used in fifth generation. 1989 – till Now
- Faster at speed
- More Reliable
- Size is Growing Small
- Able to understand human language
- Example:- Intel – notebook ,laptop, Pentium pc sun workstation , param 10000
- They consume much less power
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