In transparency, the resources located at different computer systems are so managed that users are not aware of where their programs are being actually run or where their files are located.
Distributed transparency provides the independence of program from the be distribution of the database. Different level of distribution transparency can be provided by a DDBMS at each level, different aspects of the real distribution of data are hidden from the application programmers.
It is possible for data to change the number of copies could vary and these copies could migrate from one site to another. It is unreasonable for the users to know on which site the requested data resides or the fragmentation criterion.
So, the DDBMS is required to hide all such details from user by providing four types of transparency:
1) Location Transparency:
2) Fragmentation Transparency
3) Replication Transparency
4) Update Transparency
