A digital computer works on the principle of manipulating binary digits, or bits, which are represented as 0 or 1. These bits are processed by electronic circuits that perform arithmetic and logical operations based on predetermined instructions or programs. The basic components of a digital computer include a central processing unit (CPU), memory, input/output devices, and various peripheral devices.
The CPU is the 'brain' of the computer, and it contains circuits that perform arithmetic and logical operations on the bits stored in memory. The memory is used to store data and instructions, and it can be divided into different types, such as random-access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). The input/output devices allow users to interact with the computer and include devices such as keyboards, mice, printers, and displays. Peripheral devices are used to extend the functionality of the computer and can include devices such as external hard drives, scanners, and cameras.
Digital computers use binary logic to represent and manipulate data, which allows them to process large amounts of information quickly and accurately. This principle has revolutionized the way we process and store information and has made possible many of the technological advances we enjoy today.
